EARLY DETECTION OF CHROMOSOMAL POLYPLOIDY RESULTING FROM EFFECT OF THE COLCHICINE ON Cassia angustifolia

Abstract

The study was carried out at biotechnology and Tissue culture laboratories /College of Agriculture / University of Al-Razi / Kermanshah / Iran in summer season-2014. For early detection of chromosomal polyploidy, resulting from soaking the seeds cultured of Cassia angustifolia
  in three Colchicine solution concentrations (0.01 , 0.025 , 0.05 %) and three periods( 6 , 12 , 24 hour). The study aimed to detect the presence of chromosomal polyploidy depending on the Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Results confirmed the chromosomal polyploidy of plants which gave higher Genetic Distance counts the number of chromosomes in the cells of the roots tops. The results of RAPD analysis were clear differences in the number of  DNA amplified fragments and molecular weights  depending on the primers user, 9 primers gave 78 bands (35 similar bands and 43 polymorphic bands) and estimated the contrast ratio to 55.43% . Highest Genetic Distance was in Colchicine treatment T6 (0.025% X24 hour) 0.39%, followed by plants treatment T3 (0.01 X 24 hours)( 0.35% ) and T7 (0.05 X 6 hours)( 0.33%). The results showed laboratory to calculate the number of chromosomes occur chromosomal polyploidy (4N = 56) in some plants transactions T6, T3, T7, The highest rate chromosomal polyploidy 64.71% in plants treated T7 followed T6 (57.14%) and T3 (26.09%) .