NEW VIRUSES RECORDED ON WHEAT AND BARLEY CROPS IN NINEVEH PROVINCE

Abstract

This study was achieved to detect the viruses of wheat and barley in Nineveh province and because there is no any diagnostic study of these viruses. The study include field survey for some wheat and barley fields in province in 2005 and 2006 seasons to obtain infected samples which diagnosed by Tissue Blot Immuno Assay (TBIA) test and to collect samples of weeds associated with these crops to detect any viruses in it. The results proved the existence of Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV) and Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) on barley and wheat crops in Al-Hamdaniyah and Tilkeif districts (Nineveh Province) during the growing season in 2005, by using TBIA. Also the existence of Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) and the previous viruses during the growing season in 2006 by using the slide agglutination test. Some of these viruses are recorded firstly in Iraq. The results declared the existence of (BYDV) on weeds: Avena fatua, Polypogon monspeliensis, Sorghum halpense. As well as the existence of (BYSMV) on A. fatua , S. halpense ,Lolium temulentum, and the existence of (WSMV) on A. fatua, L. temulentum, Phalaris minor, and the existence of (WDV) on S. halpense only. These viruses were recorded firstly on weeds in Iraq. The study indicates that the viruses (BYDV, BYSMV, BSMV, WSMV and WDV) were not transmitted in wheat and barley seeds.