CORRELATION BETWEEN ASPERGILLOSIS AND RENAL FUNCTION PROFILE ANALYSIS IN BROILERS OF DIYALA PROVINCE – IRAQ

Abstract

Current study designed for Isolation of aspergillus spp. from feed and evaluation of their pathological effects on kidney function. Fifty commercial poultry feed samples contain pellets, soybean and yellow grain were collected. Fifty grains from each sample were sterilized by 2% sodium hypochlorite solution. Dried grains were placed on Sabouraud dextrose agar medium to obtain pure culture. Four groups of broilers were exposed to aspergillus positive feed for 15, 30 and 45 days. Then blood samples were collected from wing vein to Blood urea and creatinine and kidney was taken for histopathology. Pellets were contaminated with A. flavus (20%), A. niger (14%), A. fumigatus (4%), A. ochraceus (2%), A. terreus (8%). soybeans were contaminated with A. fumigatus (4%), A. flavus (2%), Reduction in blood urea level (BUN), in treated group after 15 day of exposure to contaminated feed compared with control group with significant difference (p value<0.05). After 30 days of exposure, BUN was increased without significant difference (p value>0.05) compared with zero time. After 45 days of exposure, BUN continue in elevated level without significant difference (p value>0.05) compared with zero time. There is slight increase in serum creatinine level among exposed group after 15 day of exposure to contaminated feed compared with control group with significant difference (p value<0.05). After 30 days of exposure, serum creatinine level among exposed group come closely to its level in zero time without significant difference (p value>0.05) compared with zero time. After 45 days of exposure, serum creatinine level continue in elevated level without significant difference (p value>0.05) compared with zero time. Kidney tissue showed severe damage characterized by hemorrhage with interstitial nephritis and edema especially in and around glomeruli with damage in the ascending and descending tubules. The tubular epithelium showed vacuoles in the cytoplasm with pyknotic nuclei. In conclusion, exposure to aspergillus spp. contaminated feed consider as important problem that required monitoring of proper poultry production. A. flavus, A. niger were, the most frequent contaminants, the least one was A. ochraceus. A. flavus, A. terreus were detected mainly in pellets. Soybean was contaminated mainly with A. fumigatus and A. terreus. Kidney tissue appear to be affected by exposure to aspergillus and mycotoxins, creatinine and blood urea affected mainly in prolong exposure.